How do prescription drugs differ from over-the-counter (OTC) drugs?

Prescription drugs differ from over-the-counter (OTC) drugs primarily in the requirement for a healthcare provider's order, which is essential for obtaining prescription medications. This difference arises from the fact that prescription drugs are typically used for more complex health conditions that require professional oversight. A healthcare provider's evaluation is necessary to determine the appropriateness of therapy, dosages, potential interactions with other medications, and monitoring for side effects, ensuring that the patient receives safe and effective treatment.

In contrast, OTC drugs are considered safe and effective for use without the need for a healthcare provider's supervision, allowing consumers to self-manage minor health issues. This distinction in the level of regulation reflects the varying potential risks associated with these medications.